Responses of blood parameters and hemoglobin subtypes in plateau zokors and plateau pikas to different altitude habitats / 生理学报

The plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) and plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) are native species unique to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau with successful adaptation to the hypoxic environment. In this study, the number of red blood cells, hemoglobin concentration, mean hematocrit and mean volume of red blood cells were measured in plateau zokors and plateau pikas at different altitudes. Hemoglobin subtypes of two plateau animals were identified by mass spectrometry sequencing. The forward selection sites in two animals' hemoglobin subunits were analyzed by PAML4.8 program. Homologous modeling was used to analyze the effect of forward selection sites on the affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen. The adapting strategies of plateau zokors and plateau pikas to hypoxia at different altitudes were analyzed through comparing blood parameters between the two species. The results indicated that, with increasing altitudes, plateau zokors responded to hypoxia by increasing red blood cell count and decreasing red blood cell volume, while plateau pikas took the opposite strategies to plateau zokors. In erythrocytes of plateau pikas, both adult α2β2 and fetal α2ε2 hemoglobins were identified, while erythrocytes of plateau zokors only had adult α2β2 hemoglobin, however the affinities and the allosteric effects of the hemoglobin of plateau zokors were significantly higher than those of plateau pikas. Mechanistically, in the α and β subunits of hemoglobin of plateau zokors and pikas, the numbers and the sites of the positively selected amino acids as well as the side chain groups polarities and orientations of the amino acids differed significantly, which may result in the difference of the affinities to oxygen of hemoglobin between plateau zokors and pikas. In conclusion, the adaptive mechanisms to respond to hypoxia in blood properties of plateau zokors and plateau pikas are species-specific.

Effectiveness and Safety of Chinese Medicine at Shenque (CV 8) for Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials / 中国结合医学杂志

BACKGROUND@#Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is the most common complaint associated with menstruation and affects up to three-quarters of women at some stage of their reproductive life. In Chinese medicine, navel therapy, treatment provided at Shenque (CV 8), is used as a treatment option for PD.@*OBJECTIVE@#To evaluate the effect of navel therapy on pain relief and quality of life in women with PD, compared with Western medicine (WM).@*METHODS@#China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP), SinoMed and Wanfang Database, MEDLINE, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and the International Clinical Trial Registry of the U.S. National Institutes of Health were searched from their inceptions to April 1, 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing therapeutic effects of navel therapy on PD were eligible for inclusion. RevMan 5.4 software was used for data analyses. The certainty of the evidence was assessed using the online GRADEpro tool.@*RESULTS@#Totally 24 RCTs involving 2,614 participants were identified. Interventions applied to acupuncture point CV 8 included: herbal patching, moxibustion or combined navel therapy (using at least 2 types of stimulation). Compared to placebo, there was a significant effect in favor of navel therapy on reducing overall menstrual symptom scores at the end of treatment [mean difference: -0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI): -1.00 to -0.64, n=90; 1 RCT]. As compared with Western medicine, navel therapy had a superior effect on pain intensity as assessed by Visual Analogue Scale at the end of treatment [standardized mean difference (SMD): -0.64, 95% CI: -1.22 to -0.06, I2=80%, n=262; 3 RCTs]; on symptom resolution rate at 3-month follow-up (risk ratio: 1.94, 95% CI: 1.47 to 2.56, n=1527, I2=38%; 13 RCTs); and on global menstrual symptoms score at the end of treatment (SMD: -0.67, 95% CI: -0.90 to -0.45, I2=63%, n=990; 12 RCTs). Subgroup analyses showed either a better or an equivalent effect comparing navel therapy with Western medicine. No major adverse events were reported. The methodological quality of included trials was poor overall.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Navel therapy appears to be more effective than Western medicine in decreasing menstrual pain and improving overall symptoms of PD. However, these findings need to be confirmed by well-designed clinical trials with adequate sample size (Systematic review registration at PROSPERO, No. CRD42021240350).

Sleep quality and sleep disturbances in Chinese pregnant women: a multicenter cross-sectional study / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: This study aims to investigate the sleep quality of pregnant women in Xuhui District, Shanghai, and the related factors of sleep disturbances during pregnancy. Methods: From February 2019 to February 2021, we used online integrated sleep questionnaire (including PSQI, BQ, ESS, AIS) in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospitals of China Welfare Institution, and Shanghai Eighth People's Hospital, to investigate the sleep quality across pregnancy. We also collected maternal physical examination results, childbearing history, sociodemographic, and other clinical data. The prevalences and related factors of various sleep disturbances in pregnant women were analyzed, including insufficient/excessive nighttime sleep, low sleep efficiency, difficulty falling asleep, poor sleep quality, insomnia, daytime sleepiness, and high risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Results: This study includes 1 898 cases in the first trimester (T1), 3 099 cases in the second trimester (T2), and 1 539 cases in the third trimester (T3). Poor sleep quality (38.6%), daytime sleepiness (mild 41.9%, moderate 17.7%, severe 2.1%), and suspicious insomnia (32.3%) are most prevalent among women in T1 (P<0.01). In comparison, short sleep time (2.7%), long sleep time (8.6%), difficulty falling asleep (12.2%), poor sleep efficiency (35.4%), very poor sleep quality (6.7%), clinical insomnia (21.8%), and high-risk SDB (6.4%) are most prevalent among women in T3 (P<0.05). During pregnancy, late gestation (OR=1.016, 95%CI: 1.006-1.025) and multiple induced/drug abortions (OR=1.329, 95%CI: 1.043-1.692) are risk factors for poor sleep quality (PSQI>5), while multiple full-term deliveries (OR=0.800, 95%CI: 0.675-0.949) is its protective factor. Advanced maternal age (OR=0.976, 95%CI: 0.956-0.997), multiple full-term deliveries (OR=0.808, 95%CI: 0.680-0.959), late gestation (OR=0.983, 95%CI: 0.974-0.992) and hypertension (OR=0.572, 95%CI: 0.401-0.814) are protective factors for daytime sleepiness (ESS>6). The high-risk pregnancy category (OR=9.312, 95%CI: 1.156-74.978) is a risk factor for insomnia (AIS≥4), while multiple full-term deliveries (OR=0.815, 95%CI: 0.691-0.961) is its protective factor. High BMI (OR=1.334, 95%CI: 1.270-1.402) and hypertension (OR=4.427, 95%CI: 2.539-7.719) are risk factors for high-risk SDB in pregnant women. Conclusions: The prevalences of various sleep disturbances are high throughout pregnancy. Noticeably, symptoms of maternal SDB develop along with pregnancy. Different types of sleep disturbances are associated with different factors. Women of high-risk pregnancy category, in late gestation, with high BMI, hypertension, a history of induced/drug abortion, or without a history of full-term delivery can be at high risk of sleep disturbances during pregnancy.

Standardization in performing regional lymph node dissection for rectum and sigmoid colon cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Tumor spreading through the lymphatic drainage is an important metastatic pathway for rectum and sigmoid colon carcinoma. Regional lymph node dissection, as an important part of radical resection of colorectal cancer, is the main way for patients with colorectal cancer to achieve radical resection and acquire tumor-free survival. The regional lymph nodes of sigmoid cancer include paracolic lymph nodes, intermediate lymph nodes, and central lymph nodes locating at the root of blood vessel, and radical surgery should include lymph node dissection at the above three stations. The lymphatic pathways of metastasis for rectal cancer include longitudinal metastasis within the mesorectum and lateral metastasis beyond the mesorectum. The standard surgical method of rectal cancer is total mesorectal excision (TME) at present, and the resection range includes the metastatic lymph nodes within the mesorectum through the longitudinal pathway. However, there are many different opinions about lateral lymph node dissection(LLND) aiming at the metastatic lymph nodes locating at the lateral space of rectum. The range of lymph node dissection for rectum and sigmoid cancer is a vital factor that determines the prognosis of patients. Insufficient range of dissection can lead to residual metastatic lymph nodes and have serious impacts on the prognosis of patients. Excessive range of dissection can result in greater surgical trauma, prolonged operation time, more blood loss, and higher rate of complication without oncological benefits. Individualizating the appropriate resection range of rectum and sigmoid colon cancer on the basis of standardization and according to the clinical stage and invasion range of tumor demonstrates great significance of ensuring the radical operation, reducing trauma, promoting rehabilitation, protecting the function and improving the prognosis.

Meta-analysis of Bailing Capsules in improvement of microinflammation and nutritional status among maintenance hemodialysis patients / 中国中药杂志

This Meta-analysis was designed to evaluate the effects of Bailing Capsules on microinflammation and nutritional status of maintenance hemodialysis patients, and to determine its efficacy and safety. The randomized controlled trials concerning the intervention of microinflammation and nutritional status in maintenance hemodialysis patients with Bailing Capsules were searched from Chinese and English databases including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, PubMed, EMbase, and Cochrane Library. A total of 16 articles were obtained, involving 1 095 cases. As revealed by Meta-analysis,(1)Bailing Capsules lowered the levels of serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein(SMD=-0.92, 95%CI[-1.05,-0.80], P<0.000 01), interleukin-6(SMD=-1.49, 95%CI[-1.96,-1.02], P<0.000 01), and tumor necrosis factor-α(SMD=-1.48, 95%CI[-1.68,-1.28], P<0.000 01) in patients with maintenance hemodialysis, thus alleviating microinflammation.(2)Bailing Capsules elevated the levels of serum hemoglobin(SMD=1.37, 95%CI[1.21, 1.54], P<0.000 01), albumin(SMD=0.78, 95%CI[0.57, 0.98], P<0.000 01), and triglyceride(SMD=0.29, 95%CI[0.07, 0.50], P=0.01) in patients with hemodialysis to improve their nutritional status.(3)Bailing Capsules reduced the incidence of cardiovascular events(RR=0.45, 95%CI[0.34, 0.59], P<0.000 01).(4)A total of six patients presented with mild gastrointestinal discomfort after receiving Bailing Capsules, and no serious adverse reactions were observed. The sequential analysis showed that the sample size of this Meta-analysis had reached the expected value. Meanwhile, the grade of evidence quality suggested that the outcome indicators were mainly low or extremely low in quality. In conclusion, Bailing Capsules might have potential advantages in alleviating microinflammation, improving nutritional status, and reducing the incidence of cardiovascular events. However, in view of the low quality and evidence of the included literature, high-quality clinical trials are needed to further confirm the efficacy and safety of Bailing Capsules.

A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model adequately predicted the human pharmacokinetic profiles of ZSP1601, a novel pan-phosphodiesterase inhibitor / 药学学报

ZSP1601, a novel pan-phosphodiesterase inhibitor is in development for the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. A physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to predict the pharmacokinetics of ZSP1601 in human. The PBPK model following intravenous and oral dose of ZSP1601 in rats and dogs was firstly built using preclinical in vitro and in vivo data. The PBPK model in human was then built based on models in animal. The in vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) method and some allometric scaling methods were used to predict the clearance in human, respectively. The PBPK models using IVIVE and allometry of unbound CL plus the rule of exponents methods predicted the pharmacokinetics of ZSP1601 in healthy Chinese subjects successfully. The predicted parameters Cmax and AUC following single oral dose administration were within 0.5-2 folds of the observed data. The model was optimized and the final model was used to predict the pharmacokinetics of ZSP1601 in North European Caucasian, Geriatrics, Obese and Morbidly Obese, respectively. Animal studies were approved by the Animal Management and Use Committee of Suzhou AppTec Inc., and the approved No. is SZ20140916.

Comparison of the composition and content of pulmonary surfactant among plateau zokors, plateau pikas and rats / 生理学报

In the present study, the composition and content of pulmonary surfactant (PS) were analyzed to explore the hypoxia adaptation mechanism in plateau zokors (Myospalax baileyi) and plateau pikas (Ochotona curzoniae). 36 plateau zokors and plateau pikas were trapped alive at the Laji Mountain in Guide County, Qinghai Province (at the altitude of about 3 600 m), and 36 Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were purchased from the experimental animal center of Lanzhou University (at the altitude of about 1 500 m). All animals were lavaged after laboratory anesthesia, the blood in lung tissues was fully washed out and the lung tissues were then taken out to obtain the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid by bronchoalveolar lavage. The composition and content of phospholipids in the PS of three different kinds of animals were analyzed by using high performance liquid chromatography; the protein composition, content and types in the PS were analyzed by G-250 Coomassie brilliant blue method, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and mass spectrometry; the dissolved oxygen in the PS solutions were determined by using dissolved oxygen electrode. The results showed that the total contents of phospholipids in the PS were successively increased among plateau zokors, plateau pikas and SD rats (P 0.05). The relative content of PSe had no significant differences between plateau zokors and plateau pikas (P > 0.05), but both were significantly higher than that of SD rats (P < 0.01). The serum albumin (SA) was identified in the PS of three kinds of animals, including homologous tetramer protein containing heme, which is composed of hemoglobin β subunit, in plateau zokors and plateau pikas. Immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chain was found in PS of plateau zokors and SD rats. The content of Ig heavy chain in plateau zokor was significantly higher than that in SD rats (P < 0.01), and the content of protein containing heme was significantly higher than that in plateau pikas (P < 0.05). The amount of dissolved oxygen was successively decreased in the PS among plateau zokors, plateau pikas and SD rats (P < 0.01), but it was significantly higher than that in saline (P < 0.01). These results suggest that the total content of proteins in the PS of plateau zokors and plateau pikas was significantly higher, while the total content of phospholipids was significantly decreased. There were high content of homologous tetramer protein containing heme in the PS of plateau zokors and plateau pikas. The relative content of DPPC, the main component of phospholipids, was significantly increased in plateau zokors. The changes of PS component and content improve the adaptability of the two plateau animals in hypoxia environment.

Comparison on efficacy between fascia-oriented versus vascular-oriented lateral lymph node dissection in patients with rectal cancer / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Objective: To compare the postoperative function, the short-term and long-term outcomes between fascia-oriented and vascular-oriented lateral lymph node dissection (LLND) in patients with rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed. Clinical data of patients who received total mesorectal excision (TME) with LLND at National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital of Chinese Academy of Medical Science from January 2014 to December 2019 were retrospectively collected. Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) rectal cancer was pathologically diagnosed, and the lower margin was below the peritoneal reflection. (2) resectable advanced rectal cancer with suspected lateral lymph node metastasis was evaluated based on rectal MRI assessment. (3) preoperative MRI showed lateral lymph node short diameter ≥5 mm and/or lymph node morphology (spike, blur, irregular) as well as heterogenous signal intensity. Lymph node shrinkage was less than 60% after receiving neoadjuvant therapy based on the reassessment of rectal MRI. (4) TME+LLND surgery was performed synchronously. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) previous history of pelvic surgery; (2) preoperative cystitis, urethritis, moderate and severe prostatic hyperplasia and other diseases resulting in abnormal urination function; (3) preoperative sexual dysfunction or loss of function; (4) patients receiving LLND due to lateral recurrence after TME; (5) distant metastasis of the tumor at initial diagnosis; (6) Incomplete collection of clinical data. A total of 73 consecutive patients were enrolled in this study. Based on the surgical approaches in performing LLND, patients were divided into fascia-oriented group (n=30) and vascular-oriented group (n=43). There were no significant differences in baseline data between the two groups (all P>0.05). The main outcome indicators of this study were the incidence of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction, the efficacy, the number of lateral lymph nodes harvested and the detection rate of positive lymph nodes. Overall survival (OS) rates and progression free survival (PFS) rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method and compared by log-rank test. Results: All patients in both groups completed surgery successfully. There were no significant differences in operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative complications, and the length of hospital stay between the two groups (all P>0.05). In the whole group, the incidence of postoperative urinary dysfunction and male sexual dysfunction was 43.8% (32/73) and 62.5% (25/40), respectively. The median number of lateral lymph nodes harvested was 8.0(4.0,11.0) with a positive rate of 20.5%(15/73). Compared to the vascular-oriented group, the fascia-oriented group demonstrated a decreased rate of urinary dysfunction [26.7% (8/30) vs. 55.8% (24/43), χ(2)=6.098, P=0.014], lower rate of sexual dysfunction in males [6/15 vs. 76% (19/25), χ(2)=5.184, P=0.023], more harvested lateral lymph nodes [M (P25, P75): 9.5 (6.8, 15.3) vs. 6.0 (3.0, 9.0), Z=-2.849, P=0.004]. There was no significant difference in the positvie rate of lateral lymph nodes between the two groups [20% (6/30) versus 20.9% (9/43), χ(2)=0.009, P=0.923]. Three(4.1%) patients were lost during a median follow-up of 34 (1-66) months. The 3-year PFS and OS of the whole cohort were 69.5% and 88.3%, respectively. No significant difference in 3-year PFS rates (79.6% vs. 62.0%, P=0.172) and 3-year OS rates (91.2% vs. 85.9%, P=0.333) were observed between the fascia-oriented group and the vascular-oriented group (both P>0.05). Conclusion: Fascia-oriented LLND is associated with lower risk of postoperative urinary and male sexual dysfunction in patients with rectal carcinoma, and harvest of more lymph nodes, but no significant advantage in long-term survival.

Role of MiR-20a-3p in Axonal Repair in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective:To study the molecular biology mechanisms of Wistar rats after spinal cord injury, and find out key microRNAs. Methods:A total of 15 Wistar rats were divided into control group (<italic>n</italic> = 3) and spinal cord injury group (<italic>n</italic> = 12). The latter group was divided into four hours, three days, seven days and 14 days subgroups, with three rats in each subgroup. Microarray 3.0 was used to investigate microRNA expression profiles of Wistar rats with spinal cord injury. Bioinformatics was used to predict microRNAs playing key regulatory roles, and to predict target genes. Reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was applied to detect the expression of miR-20a-3p. Western blotting was employed to detect the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 3 level. The correlation between target protein and microRNA expression trend in each group was analyzed. The key microRNA was inhibited in the neurons. The relationship between target protein expression and axon growth was observed with immunofluorescence. Results:In the rats with spinal cord injury, totally 658 microRNAs had changed at least once. In all the altered microRNAs, miR-20a-3p was upregulated obviously. It predicted that the target gene of miR-20a-3p was STAT3 via application of bioinformatics analysis. The expression trend of STAT 3 and miR-20a-3p in spinal cord was opposite. After the inhibition of miR-20a-3p, the expression of STAT3 in neurons was unregulated and axonal growth was extended. Conclusion:The upregulation of miR-20a-3p leads to downregulation of STAT3, and miR-20a-3p is one of the key targets in the treatment of spinal cord injury.

Research on cervical muscle strength in air force pilots / 医用生物力学

Objective To evaluate neck muscular strength（NMS） of the air force pilots and its role in the circumstance of aerial dynamics. Method The tests were performed by using CME-1 Neck Muscle Training Machine with 149 pilots volunteered as test subjects. Each individual’s maximal isometric NMS was evaluated in the extension, flexion, left and right lateral bending directions within a single day. The NMS in each direction was tested for 10 times to choose the maximal peak value in each direction as the NMS for data analysis. The mean of overall peak value in each direction was calculated as the mean neck muscular strength (MNMS). The ratio(r) between MNMS and NMS was calculated to reflect the neck muscular endurance in pilots. Results The NMS in the flexion, extension, and left and right lateral bending directions was （132.0±42.2)N, （205.2±82.2)N, （174.3±76.4)N and （191.2±78.3)N respectively，the NMS in the extension or flexion direction was significantly different (P<0.001) compared with NMS in all the other directions，and the right NMS was significantly higher than the left NMS(P<0.001). The ratios between MNMS and NMS in the flexion, extension and left and right lateral bending directions were 74.24%,72.86%,72.75% and 68.72% respectively. Conclusions To Maximize the efficiency in flight performance and minimize neck injuries induced by +Gz, fighter pilots should be encouraged to perform more on land neck muscle strengthening exercises and improve their head positioning techniques during flight.

Construction of recombinant plasmid expressing S1 gene of new type of reovirus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To construct the recombinant plasmid containing S1 gene of new type of reovirus, and to study the expression of protein sigma1 in Vero cells.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The recombinant plasmid, named pC-S, was constructed by cloning S1 gene into vector pCAGGS/MCS. Then Vero cells were transfected with pC-S and collected at 24, 48, 72 h post transfection followed by SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot assay.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Results both SDS-PAGE and Western-Blot assay indicated that sigma1 protein could be expressed well and the highest expression level was 72 h post transfection.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Sigma1 protein could be expressed well in Vero cells by transfected with recombinant plasmid containing S1 gene, and could give some implications for subsequent research on virus-host interactions.</p>

Construction and identification of a vector inserted with gene of T7 RNA polymerase / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a system to rescue virus by intracellular expression of T7 RNA Polymerase.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was amplified and cloned to VR1012 by molecular biological technology. The expression plasmid VR-1a was then identified. VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid were co-transfected in Vero cell. CPE was observed and viral gene viral antigen were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The gene of T7 RNA Polymerase was successfully cloned into vector VR1012. Vero cell developed to CPE after being transfected VR-1a and EV71 infectious plasmid. EV71 gene was amplified by RT-PCR from the culture. EV71 antigen was also detected by ELISA.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method can be used to rescue virus. It could apply to immunologic research of EV71 DNA vaccine.</p>

Application of emulational trunk dummy in evaluating the opening shock of life saving parachute / 医用生物力学

Objective To carry out quantitative investigation on application of emulational trunk dummy (ETD) in evaluating the opening shock of life saving parachute and provide a more reliable test method for further development. Method ETD equipped with parachute was tested in the impact experiment, where a 63.4 kg impact block was dropped from the height of 0.20 m，0.40 m，0.60 m，0.80 m respectively to simulate different opening shocks. The opening shocks were deducted by measured forces on harness and acceleration loads at the center of dummy's thorax. For comparison, 5 rigid trunk dummies (RTD) were tested under the equivalent impacts. As the contrast test, 24 male healthy subjects were also exposed under such impacts with standing and sitting posture respectively. Results Under the same impact, the peak impact value on harness exhibited maximum on RTD, minimum on subjects with sitting posture, and medium on ETD. There were significant differences between each experimental group (P<0.01). With different impact loads, the peak impact value on ETD was 2 795，3 873，4 816 and 5 736 N respectively, which was correspondingly close to that of subjects with standing posture(2 541，3 042，3 720 and 4250 N). Conclusions The result of opening shock gathered from ETD is closer to that from RTD due to ETD’s viscoelasticity, which shall certainly influence the measured opening shock. Therefore, ETD is suggested to be used in the development of live saving parachute.

Construction and identification of a vector inserted with complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a vector inserted with complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The 3 fragments of the complete genome of Sabin I was amplified and cloned to pEASY-T3 by molecular biological technology. These cloned pEASY-T3 were then digested by Restriction enzymes and ligated to pWSK29 step by step and identified.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The complete genome of poliovirus strain Sabin I was successfully cloned into vector pWSK29 with 9 nucleotide mutations.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The complete genome plasmid was constructed and it provided a basis for further research of the function of Sabin I.</p>

Construction and expression of hepatitis B virus envelope protein combined with core protein with two multiple cloning sites vector / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a coexpression plasmid which expressing envelope protein and nucleoprotein of hepatitis B virus and know of its expressing efficiency.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The plasmid coexpressing envelope protein and nucleoprotein of hepatitis B virus under the CMV promoter respectively was constructed by gene recombination. Cellular expression was assessed by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Multiple cloning site was inserted into expression vector contain hepatitis B virus PreS2-S gene. And expression unit containing hepatitis B virus PreC-C was cloned into it. HBsAg and HBeAg was detected both in the culture supernatant and in the cells.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The coexpressing plasmid was constructed successfully and it can express effectively in vitro. This has provided a basis for further research of the therapeutic HBV DNA vaccine.</p>

Immune effects of mutated hepatitis B virus precore-core DNA vaccines in mice / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the immune effect of DNA vaccines encoding mutated HBV pre-c/c gene (VE2,VE4) in mice.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Three kinds of plasmid VEC(DNA vaccines encoding HBV pre-c/c gene), VE2 and VE4 were injected into the thigh muscles of different group of BALB/c mice.Blood and splenocytes from mice were isolated at 4 weeks after immunization. We also have mouse groups immunized with three of these plasmid combined with IFN-gamma gene plasmids. The anti-HBc and anti-HBe antibody in peripheral blood in mice were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), antigen-specific cell immune responses were detected by CTL test and enzyme linked immunospot assay(ELISpot).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>We found that anti-HBe titers of VE2 and VE4 immunizing groups are higher than VEC group (P < 0.05). We also observed that VE2 and VE4 could induce stronger antigen-specific immune responses than VEC and when combined with IFN-gamma plasmid,the antigen-specific immune responses are stronger than those without combination immunization in mice (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The DNA vaccine VE2 and VE4 could induces stronger antigen-specific immune responses than VEC, and when combined with IFN-gamma plasmid,the antigen-specific immune responses are improved in mice.</p>

Genome analysis of a newly isolated enterovirus / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To demonstrate molecular characterization of a newly isolated enterovirus.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Virus were isolated from patient with unknown-causing disease and tested by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and 5'3'RACE (rapid amplification of cDNA ends, RACE), in an attempt to obtain the sequence of this newly isolated enterovirus.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sequence analysis showed that this newly isolated enterovirus shared 83%-94% nucleotide identity and 91%-100% amino acid identity with enterovirus 89. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that it was probably a new subtype of enterovirus 89.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This newly isolated enterovirus in the stool specimen from patient has the same serotype with enterovirus 89, but it was probably a new subtype of enterovirus 89.</p>

Establishment and evaluation of the diagnostic kit for anti-HIV1/2 antibody and P24 antigen / 中华实验和临床病毒学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish and evaluate an Enzyme Immunoassay diagnostic kit combined with anti-HIV1/2 antibody and P24 antigen for shortening the examination window period of HIV infection in HIV laboratory diagnosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The enzyme-linked reaction plates was coated by anti-HIV P24 monoclonal antibody and HIV 1/2 antigen. Labeling HIV1/2 antigen and anti-HIV P24 polyclonal antibody with horseradish peroxidase, setup an integrated ELISA kit for detecting anti-HIV-1/2 antibody and HIV P24 antigen, and evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this kit.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The sensitivity of testing P24 antigen was up to 0.2 ng/ml. 78 serum samples of patients with AIDS, 85 serum samples of healthy people were compared with Abbott EIA kit, the coincidence was 100%. 12 051 sera from normal persons and patients were examined, the sensitivity of 100 %and specificity of 99.62 %, respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The anti-HIV1/2 antibody and HIV P24 antigen can be measured at the same time using this EIA kit, while the examination window period of HIV infection is shortened. Thus, the method is suitable for laboratory diagnosis and epidemiological investigation.</p>

Clinical significance of detection of tumor suppressor genes aberrant methylation in cervical carcinoma tissue / 中华妇产科杂志

0.05).(4) Significant differences between CC and CIN Ⅰ for p16,CDH1,RASSF1A and TIMP3 genes(P

Application of CT in assessment of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures / 中华放射学杂志

Objective To evaluate the significance of CT assessment for extraarticular anatomy in treatment of displaced intraarticular calcaneal fractures.Methods(1)Measurement of normal calcaneum 40 pieces of adult calcaneum specimen were measured,items of measurement included height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity,width of posterior edge of sustentaculum and tuberosity.(2)CT measurement of calcaneum.Transverse(axial)and coronal CT scanning were obtained from 20 feet with displaced intraarticular calcaneal and 20 normal feet as control.Following items were measured in CT scanning:the height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity,the coronal talocalcaneal angle,in coronal scanning,the width of posterior edge of sustentaculum and tuberosity,the axial calcaneocuboid angle,in axial scanning.Results(1)Measurement of height of calcaneum height of culmination of posterior facet and tuberosity of calcaneal specimen were(43.07?2.85)mm and(44.69?3.67)mm respectively,and these two items from CT scanning of normal feet were(42.84?1.66)mm,(43.40? 3.01)nun,and from CT scanning of feet with calcaneal fractures were(34.76?3.24)mm,(40.41? 3.69)mm.There was a statistically significant different between these two items for normal calcaneal specimen and for CT scanning of feet with ealcaneal fractures(P